Introduction to Arrays

Arrays are one of the fundamental data structures in programming. They are used to store a collection of elements of the same data type. Arrays provide efficient access to individual elements and allow for easy manipulation and analysis of data.

Use Cases for Arrays

Arrays have a wide range of applications in various fields, including robotics and computer vision. For example, in robotics, arrays can be used to store sensor data such as distances, angles, or color values. In computer vision, arrays are commonly used to represent images, where each element represents a pixel's color or intensity.

Programming Example

Let's consider a scenario where you are developing a robotic arm to perform precise movements. To control the arm, you need to store the target positions for each joint. You can use an array to store these positions, with each element representing the target position for a specific joint.

Here's an example of how you can declare and initialize an array in C++ to store the target positions:

1#include <iostream>
2using namespace std;
3
4int main() {
5  const int NUM_JOINTS = 4;
6  double targetPositions[NUM_JOINTS] = {0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0};
7
8  // Accessing and updating array elements
9  targetPositions[0] = 45.0;
10  targetPositions[2] = -30.0;
11
12  // Printing array elements
13  for (int i = 0; i < NUM_JOINTS; i++) {
14    cout << "Joint " << i << " Target Position: " << targetPositions[i] << endl;
15  }
16
17  return 0;
18}

In this example, we declare an array targetPositions with a size of 4 to store the target positions for each joint of the robotic arm. We initialize all elements to 0.0 initially. Then, we update the target positions for the first joint to 45.0 and the third joint to -30.0. Finally, we print the target positions using a for loop.

Arrays provide a powerful way to organize and process data efficiently. In the next lessons, we'll explore different aspects of arrays, such as accessing array elements, performing array operations, and working with multi-dimensional arrays.

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#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

​

int main() {

  const int NUM_JOINTS = 4;

  double targetPositions[NUM_JOINTS] = {0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0};

​

  // Accessing and updating array elements

  targetPositions[0] = 45.0;

  targetPositions[2] = -30.0;

​

  // Printing array elements

  for (int i = 0; i < NUM_JOINTS; i++) {

    cout << "Joint " << i << " Target Position: " << targetPositions[i] << endl;

  }

​

  return 0;

}