Basic Backtracking Algorithm

The basic backtracking algorithm provides a framework for solving problems using the backtracking technique. It follows a recursive approach to explore all possible solutions to a problem by creating a search tree. At each step, it makes a choice and proceeds to the next step until a solution is found or all possibilities have been exhausted.

The general structure of the basic backtracking algorithm can be defined using the following steps:

1. Define a backtrack function that takes the necessary parameters.
2. Check for the base case(s) that indicate a solution has been found.
3. Check for any constraints that need to be satisfied at the current step.
4. Make a choice to move to the next step.
5. Recursively call the backtrack function for the next step.
6. Undo the previous choice before backtracking to the previous step.

Let's take a closer look at each step.

Step 1: Define the Backtrack Function

The first step in implementing the basic backtracking algorithm is to define a backtrack function. This function will encapsulate the logic for making choices, checking constraints, and backtracking when necessary.

1#include <iostream>
2using namespace std;
3
4void backtrack(/* parameters */) {
5  // code goes here
6}

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#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

​

void backtrack(/* parameters */) {

  // base case

  // check constraints

  // make choices

  // recursively backtrack

  // undo choices

}

​

int main() {

  // call the backtrack function

  backtrack(/* arguments */);

​

  return 0;

}