Welcome to an exciting journey into Conflict-free Replicated Data Types (CRDTs)! If you've been updating a shared Google doc simultaneously with a colleague, then you've interacted with these structures in real-life.
Certain applications demand offline work where several users should be able to update shared data concurrently. Just like two travelers in different parts of the world being able to alter their shared itinerary document simultaneously.
During synchronization, how does the system reconcile the changes while ensuring that the final state is consistent across all replicas? Traditional strategies involve complicated conflict resolution methods, or locks that may hinder productivity due to the required interaction.
With the rising shift towards peer-to-peer networks, a new breed of tools and applications have arisen that require more autonomous operation, but this poses a new set of challenges. Picture a group of finance folks locked in different rooms (or locations) each updating parts of a shared, multi-million-dollar budget document. Any misstep in synchronization can lead to significant problems down the line.
This is where CRDTs come in! CRDTs are the species that thrive in environments that demand high availability over strong consistency, certainly not a new concept in computing but made much easier with CRDT's simplicity.
So, what exactly is a CRDT? A CRDT is a data type that allows multiple replicas across a distributed system to be updated independently in any order, without conflict. Considering our traveling financiers, each of their updates is replicated across other copies irrespective of the order they come in.
A thrilling plot with high stakes just like your favorite box-office hit? Agreed!