Communication Patterns (Execs, PMs, Engineers)
- Engineers: show “before/after” cycle time and defect trends.
- PMs: link cleanup to roadmap velocity (“feature X ships 2 sprints sooner after refactor”).
- Execs: translate to risk and cost (“interest = N engineer-days/quarter; payback in ≤2 quarters”). Use clear artifacts: short RFCs, risk registers, and decision memos.



