What are Linux's fundamental components?

Linux is composed of five distinct elements:

• Kernel: it is the primary component of Linux and is typically in charge of all important OS tasks including process management, device management, etc.
• System Libraries: they are specialized programs that allow application software or system utilities to access the Kernel functionality. The majority of the operating system’s features are implemented by these libraries.
• System Utility: these utility programs are in charge of carrying out specific, individual-level duties and they provide users control over the machine.
• Hardware: this includes physical devices such as a keyboard, display, mouse, etc.
• Shell: it serves as an interface between the user and the kernel that isolates the user from the complexity of the kernel's functions.

The System Architecture of Linux is shown in the image below: